548 WORKS OF ST. CHRYSOSTOM. [HOMILY I.
Church, be not displeased that thy slave is
saluted with thee.
"
For in Christ Jesus there
is neither bond nor free." (Gal. iii. 28.)
"
Grace to you, and peace."
By mentioning "grace,"
he brings his own
sins to his remembrance. Consider, he says,
how great things God has pardoned in thee,
how by grace thou art saved. Imitate thy Lord.
And he prays for
"
peace
"
to him ; and natu
rally
: for it comes then when we imitate Him,
then grace abides. Since even that servant who
was unmerciful to his fellow-servants, until he
demanded the hundred pence, had the grace
of his master abiding on him. But when he
made that demand, it was taken from him, and
he was delivered to the tormentors.
MORAL. Considering these things, then, let
us also be merciful and forgiving towards those
who have trespassed against us. The offenses
against us here are a hundred pence, but those
from us against God are ten thousand talents.
But you know that offenses are also judged by
the quality of the persons : for instance, he who
has insulted a private person has done wrong,
but not so much as he who has insulted a mag
istrate, and he who has offended a greater mag
istrate offends in a higher degree, and he who
offends an inferior one in a lower degree ; but
he who insults the king offends much more.
The injury indeed is the same, but it becomes
greater by the excellence of the person. And
if he who insults a king receives intolerable
punishment, on account of the superiority
l
of
the person ; for how many talents will he be
answerable who insults God ? so that even if we
should commit the same offenses against God,
that we do against men, even so it is not an
equal thing
: but as great as is the difference
between God and men, so great is that between
the offenses against Him and them.
But now I find also that the offenses exceed,
not only in that they become great by the emi
nence of the person, but by their very nature.
And it is a horrible saying that I am about to
utter, and truly awful, but it is necessary to be
said, that it may even so shake our minds and
strike them with terror, showing that we fear
men much more than God, and we honor men
much more than God. For consider, he that
commits adultery knows that God sees him, yet
he disregards Him ; but if a man see him, he
restrains his lust. Does not such a one not only
honor men above God, not only insult God, but,
which is even much more dreadful, whilst he
fears them, despise Him ? For if he sees them,
he restrains the flame of lust, but rather what
flame ? it is not a flame, but a willfulness. For
1 Edd. of tojri<jTia.v, literally, " worthiness of credit," but in
ater Greek
"
of consideration." Sav. mar. B. and Ven. have
if indeed it was not lawful to have intercourse
with a woman, the matter perhaps would be a
flame, but now
2 it is insult and wantonness.
For if he should see men, he desists from his
mad passion, but for the longsuffering of God
he has less regard. Again, another who steals,
is conscious that he is committing robbery, and
endeavors to deceive men, and defends himself
against those who accuse him, and clothes his
apology with a fair show ; but though he cannot
thus prevail with God, he does not regard Him,
nor stand in awe of Him, nor honor Him. And
if the king indeed commands us to abstain from
other men s goods, or even to give away our
own, all readily contribute, but when God com
mands not to rob, nor to gather other men s
goods, we do not forbear.
Do you see then that we honor men more
than God? It is a sad and grievous saying, a
heavy charge. But show that it is grievous ; flee
from the fact ! But if you fear not the fact,
how can I believe you when you say. We fear
your words, you lay a burden on us ! It is you
that by the deed lay a burden on yourselves, and
not our words. And if I but name the words
of which you do the deeds, you are offended.
And is not this absurd ?
May the thing spoken by me prove false ! I
would rather myself in That Day bear the im
putation of ill language, as having vainly and
causelessly reproached you, than see you accused
of such things.
But not only do you honor men more than
God, but you compel others to do so likewise.
Many have thus compelled their domestics and
slaves. Some have drawn them into marriage
against their will, and others have forced them
to minister to disgraceful services, to infamous
love, to acts of rapine, and fraud, and violence :
so that the accusation is twofold, and neither
can they obtain pardon upon the plea of neces
sity. For if you yourself do wrong things un
willingly, and on account of the command of
the ruler, not even so is it by any means a suffi
cient excuse : but the offense becomes heavier,
when you compel them also to fall into the same
sins. For what pardon can there be any more
for such an one ?
These things I have said, not from a wish to
condemn you, but to show in how many things
we are debtors to God. For if by honoring men
even equally with God, we insult God, how much
more, when we honor men.above Him ? But if
those offenses that are committed against men
are shown to be much greater against God ; how
much more when the actual offense is greater
and more grievous in its own quality.
Let any one examine himself, and he will see
2 Sav. mar. B. and Ven.
"
but now, with most men,what is lawful
is despised," and,
"
but what is forbidden made much of, it is all," &c.