V. 3. "Blessed is he that readeth and they that hear." Some would read and some would hear. Of printed Bibles there was none, and manuscripts were scarce. It was customary to have manuscripts read to the churches and frequently to circulate them among a group of churches; so that there would be many more hearers than readers. This manuscript was evidently sent to the churches to be read in their hearing. "Blessed is he that keepeth" etc. Obedience is the ground of blessing. "For the time is at hand." Again the writer stresses the nearness of the events foretold. He says in effect: "Read and circulate this book quickly. Give serious heed to its warnings and admonitions. Get its courage and strength, for the times of judgment and martyrdom herein depicted are already at your doors." Those to whom this book was addressed were being forewarned that they might be forearmed.