10. καὶγὰρὅτεἦμενκτλ.] Cf. I. 3:4, the only difference being that, in view of v. 6, τοῦτοπαρηγγέλλομεν is substituted for προελέγομεν. For similar references by St Paul to his previous public teaching cf. 1 Corinthians 11:23; 1 Corinthians 15:1. ὅτιεἴτιςοὐθέλεικτλ.] ‘ that if any one is not willing to work, neither let him eat.’ Pelag.: ‘ Haec sit inquietudinis non solum poena, sed etiam emendatio.’ For ὅτι which is here equivalent to little more than our inverted commas see WM. p. 683 n.1, and for illustrations of the maxim, which was apparently a proverbial Jewish saying based on Genesis 3:19, see the passages cited by Wetstein, especially Bereschith R. 2:2 ‘ ego vero si non laboro, non edo, ’ 14:12 ‘ ut, si non laborat, non manducet’ : cf. also Didache 12:3 εἰδὲθέλειπρὸςὑμᾶςκαθῆσαι, τεχνίτῆςὤν, ἐργαζέσθωκαὶφαγέτω. According to Reach (Agrapha, p. 240 ff., Paulinismus, p. 409 f.) the saying in its present form may have been derived from a legion of the Lord Himself. For εἰ ... οὐ see WM. p. 599, Jannaris, § 1807b, and for the strong negative μηδέ (ne quidem) with the imperative cf. Ephesians 5:3.