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1. In a still clearer light has John, in the Apocalypse, indicated to the Lord's disciples what shall happen in the last times, and concerning the ten kings who shall then arise, among whom the empire which now rules [the earth] shall be partitioned. He teaches us what the ten horns shall be which were seen by Daniel, telling us that thus it had been said to him: "And the ten horns which thou sawest are ten kings, who have received no kingdom as yet, but shall receive power as if kings one hour with the beast. These have one mind, and give their strength and power to the beast. These shall make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb shall overcome them, because He is the Lord of lords and the King of kings." It is manifest, therefore, that of these [potentates], he who is to come shall slay three, and subject the remainder to his power, and that he shall be himself the eighth among them. And they shall lay Babylon waste, and burn her with fire, and shall give their kingdom to the beast, and put the church to flight. After that they shall be destroyed by the coming of our Lord. For that the kingdom must be divided, and thus come to ruin, the Lord [declares when He] says: "Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation, and every city or house divided against itself shall not stand." It must be, therefore, that the kingdom, the city, and the house be divided into ten; and for this reason He has already foreshadowed the partition and division [which shall take place]. Daniel also says particularly, that the end of the fourth kingdom consists in the toes of the image seen by Nebuchadnezzar, upon which came the stone cut out without hands; and as he does himself say: "The feet were indeed the one part iron, the other part clay, until the stone was cut out without hands, and struck the image upon the iron and clay feet, and dashed them into pieces, even to the end." Then afterwards, when interpreting this, he says: "And as thou sawest the feet and the toes, partly indeed of clay, and partly of iron, the kingdom shall be divided, and there shall be in it a root of iron, as thou sawest iron mixed with baked clay. And the toes were indeed the one part iron, but the other part clay." The ten toes, therefore, are these ten kings, among whom the kingdom shall be partitioned, of whom some indeed shall be strong and active, or energetic; others, again, shall be sluggish and useless, and shall not agree; as also Daniel says: "Some part of the kingdom shall be strong, and part shall be broken from it. As thou sawest the iron mixed with the baked clay, there shall be minglings among the human race, but no cohesion one with the other, just as iron cannot be welded on to pottery ware." And since an end shall take place, he says: "And in the days of these kings shall the God of heaven raise up a kingdom which shall never decay, and His kingdom shall not be left to another people. It shall break in pieces and shatter all kingdoms, and shall itself be exalted for ever. As thou sawest that the stone was cut without hands from the mountain, and brake in pieces the baked clay, the iron, the brass, the silver, and the gold, God has pointed out to the king what shall come to pass after these things; and the dream is true, and the interpretation trustworthy."

Versies (1)

Versie 9da9a3632e9e7c0b3ddcc7fe103abb92cd938f25d95dbcaacad89853a2c263dc
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Rambaut jointly; no paragraph-level translator allocation is asserted. Provider biographies identify Alexander Roberts (1826–1901) and William Hautenville Rambaut (1822–1893). Provider edition and translator pages declare public-domain status; its reuse policy states that public-domain transcription creates no new copyright. This is a separately acquired ANCL edition, not CCEL permission. Scan index: Ante-Nicene Christian Library Vol 9.djvu, source pages 76–179. Transcription is not fully proofread; original spelling, transcription defects and ancient textual variants are retained without silent correction. Source-note reference errors, which may be printing or transcription defects, are documented and canonical links follow quoted words. The original Greek is largely lost; this edition also depends on the ancient Latin version. Some passages expressly report teaching of presbyters or elders; they remain within Irenaeus's work and are not newly attributed to an individual. No generated translation or commentary; no independent worldwide-law guarantee.","references":[{"book":"REV","chapter":17,"kind":"exposition","verse":12},{"book":"REV","chapter":17,"kind":"exposition","verse":13},{"book":"REV","chapter":17,"kind":"exposition","verse":14},{"book":"DAN","chapter":7,"kind":"exposition","verse":24},{"book":"REV","chapter":17,"kind":"exposition","verse":11},{"book":"REV","chapter":17,"kind":"exposition","verse":16},{"book":"REV","chapter":17,"kind":"exposition","verse":17},{"book":"MAT","chapter":12,"kind":"exposition","verse":25},{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":33},{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":34},{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":41},{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":42},{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":43},{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":44},{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":45}],"section":"Book V, Chapter 26, Section 1","source_url":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Ante-Nicene_Christian_Library/Against_Heresies_(Iren%C3%A6us)/Book_5","text_changes":"Whitespace normalized; source pagination and footnote reference markers removed. English wording unchanged.","translator":"Alexander Roberts and W. H. Rambaut (credited jointly on the volume title)","verification":{"method":"inspected source paragraph and verse context; SHA-256 locked","paragraph_indices":[79],"raw_source":"raw/fathers/irenaeus-against-heresies-book5-ancl1869.html","reference_basis":"REV 17:12 (exposition): John in the Apocalypse is explicitly named and the ten horns/ten kings/no kingdom yet/one hour with the beast verse is actually quoted. Irenaeus explains them as future rulers among whom the presently ruling empire is partitioned. REV 17:13 (exposition): The one-mind/giving-strength-and-power-to-beast verse is actually quoted and interpreted within the ruler/beast consolidation of power. REV 17:14 (exposition): The kings' war with the Lamb, His victory and Lord-of-lords/King-of-kings identity are actually quoted. Irenaeus applies their defeat to the coming of the Lord; the unquoted called/chosen/faithful ending is not invented. DAN 7:24 (exposition): Daniel's ten-horns/kings are expressly linked with John's kings, and Irenaeus specifically describes the coming ruler putting three out of the way and subjecting the remainder. This explains the distinctive three-kings-down clause of Daniel 7:24, although the source says slay rather than the supplied versions' put/bring down. REV 17:11 (exposition): The source explicitly makes the coming ruler himself the eighth among the relevant rulers. That distinctive eighth-beast proposition matches 17:11 and is part of the power-consolidation interpretation; the canonical 'of the seven' wording and the author's preceding ten-ruler calculation are not silently harmonized. REV 17:16 (exposition): The ten rulers' laying Babylon waste and burning her with fire is specifically recalled and applied to the predicted downfall. These are the desolate/burn-with-fire actions of 17:16; no unquoted nakedness/flesh detail is added. REV 17:17 (exposition): The same rulers' giving their kingdom to the beast is specifically recalled and explained as the final redistribution of power before destruction. The kingdom wording is separately identifiable in verse 17, not merely copied from verse 13's power/authority clause. MAT 12:25 (exposition): The complete kingdom/city/house-divided saying is quoted and explicitly applied as a foreshadowing of the empire's tenfold partition. This application is Irenaeus's reading; the Gospel verse itself does not supply a ten-king number. DAN 2:33 (exposition): The image's part-iron/part-clay feet are actually quoted and interpreted as the ending/partition of the fourth kingdom. Only the feet clause is quoted; the leg detail is not added. DAN 2:34 (exposition): The stone cut without hands striking and breaking the iron/clay feet is actually quoted and applied to the end of that divided kingdom. DAN 2:41 (exposition): The feet/toes with clay and iron, divided kingdom and retained iron root/strength are actually quoted. Irenaeus identifies the toes as ten rulers among whom the empire is partitioned. DAN 2:42 (exposition): The part-iron/part-clay toes and partly strong/partly broken kingdom are quoted. Irenaeus explicitly interprets these as energetic rulers versus sluggish or useless ones. DAN 2:43 (exposition): The iron/clay mingling with the human race without cohesion is actually quoted. Irenaeus explains the rulers' lack of agreement through this image. DAN 2:44 (exposition): The God-of-heaven kingdom that never ends or passes to another people and shatters the other kingdoms is actually quoted and used to explain the divine kingdom replacing the divided powers. DAN 2:45 (exposition): The stone cut without hands from the mountain, crushing the metals/clay and the trustworthy dream/interpretation are actually quoted as the prophetic assurance of the preceding empire-ending interpretation. {\"original_note_id\": \"cite_note-223\", \"printed_note\": \"Rev. xvii. 1.2, etc.\", \"correction_kind\": \"malformed_locator_resolved_by_actual_quote\", \"verified_quoted_locators\": [{\"book\": \"REV\", \"chapter\": 17, \"verse\": 12}, {\"book\": \"REV\", \"chapter\": 17, \"verse\": 13}, {\"book\": \"REV\", \"chapter\": 17, \"verse\": 14}], \"excluded_literal_parses\": [{\"book\": \"REV\", \"chapter\": 17, \"verse\": 1}, {\"book\": \"REV\", \"chapter\": 17, \"verse\": 2}], \"basis\": \"The literal '1.2' typography is ambiguous; the quoted ten-kings/one-mind/war-with-Lamb clauses match 12, 13 and 14 in all three Bibles, not 1 and 2. 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The actual speech starts at 17:12, not 17:1–2.\"} {\"book\": \"REV\", \"chapter\": 17, \"verse\": 18, \"status\": \"deferred_not_admitted\", \"basis\": \"Naming Babylon/the city is interpretive narrative context; the great-city/reigns-over-kings sentence of verse 18 is not quoted or singled out.\"} {\"book\": \"REV\", \"chapter\": 18, \"verse\": 8, \"status\": \"deferred_not_admitted\", \"basis\": \"Burning Babylon overlaps another passage, but the source's ten-ruler actors and desolate/burn actions specifically fit 17:16. No plagues/death/mourning/famine clause identifies 18:8.\"} {\"book\": \"DAN\", \"chapter\": 7, \"verse\": 8, \"status\": \"deferred_not_admitted\", \"basis\": \"The paragraph explains putting down three kings, which is directly matched at 7:24. No little-horn/eyes/mouth/plucked-by-roots sentence is quoted here.\"} {\"book\": \"DAN\", \"chapter\": 2, \"verse\": 35, \"status\": \"deferred_not_admitted\", \"basis\": \"No chaff/wind/no-place/great-mountain-filling-earth sentence is quoted. Crushing at the feet is the actual verse-34 clause; do not add verse 35 by proximity.\"} {\"book\": \"DAN\", \"chapter\": 2, \"verse\": 40, \"status\": \"deferred_not_admitted\", \"basis\": \"The fourth kingdom is mentioned as the dream's context, but the all-things-breaking iron kingdom statement of this individual verse is not quoted.\"} {\"book\": \"2TH\", \"chapter\": 2, \"verse\": 8, \"status\": \"deferred_not_admitted\", \"basis\": \"Destruction by the Lord's coming is a general concluding assertion here; no breath-of-mouth/revelation/appearance wording individually identifies this Pauline verse.\"} {\"book\": \"MRK\", \"chapter\": 3, \"verse\": 24, \"status\": \"deferred_not_admitted\", \"basis\": \"The full kingdom/city/house compound in the source matches Matthew 12:25. This partial Mark parallel is not an independently proved source quotation here.\"} {\"book\": \"MRK\", \"chapter\": 3, \"verse\": 25, \"status\": \"deferred_not_admitted\", \"basis\": \"No separate Mark house saying is independently cited. Do not break Matthew's single compound saying into an additional Mark verse sequence.\"} {\"book\": \"LUK\", \"chapter\": 11, \"verse\": 17, \"status\": \"deferred_not_admitted\", \"basis\": \"The distinctive city-or-house compound supports the Matthew locator. Similar kingdom/house context alone does not establish another Luke-source quotation.\"}","reviewed_on":"2026-10-10","source_sha256":"e1a9088145cfef289c81562b04dc8be4133db207ebb84dcaca9c06cb8e737d80","text_sha256":"0347d355dca199c85809ac1212ea8ed202d723134ee7c76e48294b3e6ee03f69"},"verified":true,"work":"Against Heresies","work_id":"irenaeus-against-heresies-book5"}

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Bijbelverwijzingen (15)

CoördinaatReferentie
REV 17:12-{"book":"REV","chapter":17,"kind":"exposition","verse":12}
REV 17:13-{"book":"REV","chapter":17,"kind":"exposition","verse":13}
REV 17:14-{"book":"REV","chapter":17,"kind":"exposition","verse":14}
DAN 7:24-{"book":"DAN","chapter":7,"kind":"exposition","verse":24}
REV 17:11-{"book":"REV","chapter":17,"kind":"exposition","verse":11}
REV 17:16-{"book":"REV","chapter":17,"kind":"exposition","verse":16}
REV 17:17-{"book":"REV","chapter":17,"kind":"exposition","verse":17}
MAT 12:25-{"book":"MAT","chapter":12,"kind":"exposition","verse":25}
DAN 2:33-{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":33}
DAN 2:34-{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":34}
DAN 2:41-{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":41}
DAN 2:42-{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":42}
DAN 2:43-{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":43}
DAN 2:44-{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":44}
DAN 2:45-{"book":"DAN","chapter":2,"kind":"exposition","verse":45}

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