4. Of these twelve, as of twelve precious stones, is the pillar of our faith built up. For these are the precious stones—sardius, jasper, smaragd, chrysolite, and the rest,—woven into the robe of holy Aaron, See Ex. xxviii. 15–21. The precious stones set in the breastplate are named as follows: Septuagint           Vulgate               A.V. 1611             R.V. 1881                                                                                        text          margin  i. σάρδιον       i. lapis sardius  i. sardius (m. ruby)     i. sardius or ruby     τοπάζιον          topazius           topaz                           topaz     σμάραγδος      smaragdus.       carbuncle                    carbuncle or emerald ii. ἂνθραξ        ii. carbunculus  ii. emerald                 ii. emerald or carbuncle     σάπφειρος        sapphirus          sapphire                    sapphire    ἴασπις                 jaspis               diamond                    diamond or sardonyx iii. λιγύριον      iii. ligurius        iii. ligure                   iii. jacinth or amber      ἀχάτης              achates              agate                        agate      ἀμεθυστος       amethystus         amethyst                   amethyst iv. χρυσόλιθος  iv. chrysolitus    iv. beryl                     iv. beryl or chalcedony      βηρύλλιον      β. beryllus           onyx                           onyx or beryl      ὀνύχιον          α. onychinus        jasper                         jasper With the mystic jewel-work of the High Priest’s breastplate—the λογεῖον κρίσεως, rationale judicii—compare the “covering of the King of Tyrus.” —Ezek. xxviii. 13.   Septuagint         Vulgate                  A.V. 1611                          R.V. 1881                                                            text    margin                    text    margin 1.  σάρδιον.      1. sardius           1. sardius or ruby               1. sardius or ruby 2.  τοπάζιον     2. topazius        2. topaz                                2. topaz 3.  σμάραγδος  6. jaspis             ? diamond                          ? diamond 4.  ἃνθραξ        10. chrysolitus   11. beryl or chrysolite 10     11. beryl 5.  σάπφειρος  12. onyx             12. onyx                              12. onyx 6.  ἴασπις         11. berillus         ? jasper                                 ? jasper 7.  λιγύριος      5. sapphirus       5. sapphire                           5. sapphire 8. ἀχάτης          4. carbunculus  3. emerald or chrysoprase    3. emerald or carbuncle 4 9. ἀμέθυστος    3. smaragdus      4. carbuncle                        4. carbuncle or emerald 3 10. χρυσόλιθος 11. βηρύλλιον 12. ὀνύχιον Also the foundations of the Heavenly City.— Rev. xxi. 19 f.                                                    A.V. i. ἴασπις                                 jasper ii. σαπφειρος                         sapphire iii. χαλκηδών                         chalcedony iv. σμάραγδος                        emerald v. σαρδόννξ                            sardonyx    vi. σάρδιον                              sardius vii. χρυσόλιθος                       chrysolyte viii. βήρυλλος                         beryl ix. τοπάζιον                           topaz x. χρυσόπρασος                     chrysoprasus xi. ὐάκινθος                            jacinth xii. ἀμέθυστος                        amethyst The Heavenly City had 12 gates—each one a pearl—inscribed with the names of the Twelve Tribes of Israel. The foundations were inscribed with the names of the Twelve Apostles. These precious stones have been identified as follows, taking the High Priest’s breastplate: i. 1. Red carnelian    2. Chrysolite (greenish-yellow)    3. Emerald ii. 4. Carbuncle         5. Lapis Lazuli (blue)                    6. Jasper (Greek chalcedony, dark green)  iii. 7. Jacinth             8. Agate (white, with red or green grain)    9. Amethyst (blue transparent quartz) iv. 10. Topaz (gold -brown)   11. Aquamarine (dark blue)    12. Banded Carnelian  (black and white, or                                                                                                           brown and white ) even of him who bears the likeness of Christ, Aaron the type of Christ the Priest. See Heb. iv. 15; v. 1–5; vii. 28; viii. 7. that is, of the true Priest; stones set in gold, and inscribed with the names of the sons of Israel, twelve stones close joined and fitting one into another, for if any should sunder or separate them, the whole fabric of the faith falls in ruins.