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{"author":null,"backreferences":[{"context_html":"<p>But who are the dead which were in the sea, and which the\r\nsea presented? For we cannot suppose that those who die in\r\nthe sea are not in hell, nor that their bodies are preserved in\r\nthe sea; nor yet, which is still more absurd, that the sea retained\r\nthe good, while hell received the bad. Who could\r\nbelieve this? But some very sensibly suppose that in this\r\nplace the sea is put for this world. When John then wished\r\nto signify that those whom Christ should find still alive in the\r\nbody were to be judged along with those who should rise\r\nagain, he called them dead, both the good to whom it is said,\r\n\"For ye are dead, and your life is hid with Christ in God,\"<a id=\"FNanchor_743_743\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_743_743\">[743]</a>\r\nand the wicked of whom it is said, \"Let the dead bury their\r\ndead.\"<a id=\"FNanchor_744_744\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_744_744\">[744]</a> They may also be called dead, because they wear\r\nmortal bodies, as the apostle says, \"The body indeed is dead\r\nbecause of sin; but the spirit is life because of righteousness;\"<a id=\"FNanchor_745_745\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_745_745\">[745]</a>\r\nproving that in a living man in the body there is both a body\r\nwhich is dead, and a spirit which is life. Yet he did not say\r\nthat the body was mortal, but dead, although immediately\r\nafter he speaks in the more usual way of mortal bodies.\r\nThese, then, are the dead which were in the sea, and which\r\nthe sea presented, to wit, the men who were in this world,\r\nbecause they had not yet died, and whom the world presented\r\nfor judgment. \"And death and hell,\" he says, \"gave up the\r\ndead which were in them.\" The sea <i>presented</i> them because\r\nthey had merely to be found in the place where they were;\r\nbut death and hell <i>gave them up</i> or <i>restored</i> them, because they<span class=\"pagenum\"><a id=\"Page_376\">[Pg 376]</a></span>\r\ncalled them back to life, which they had already quitted.\r\nAnd perhaps it was not without reason that neither <i>death</i> nor\r\n<i>hell</i> were judged sufficient alone, and both were mentioned,—death\r\nto indicate the good, who have suffered only death and\r\nnot hell; hell to indicate the wicked, who suffer also the\r\npunishment of hell. For if it does not seem absurd to believe\r\nthat the ancient saints who believed in Christ and His then\r\nfuture coming, were kept in places far removed indeed from\r\nthe torments of the wicked, but yet in hell,<a id=\"FNanchor_746_746\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_746_746\">[746]</a> until Christ's\r\nblood and His descent into these places delivered them, certainly\r\ngood Christians, redeemed by that precious price already\r\npaid, are quite unacquainted with hell while they wait for\r\ntheir restoration to the body, and the reception of their reward.\r\nAfter saying, \"They were judged every man according\r\nto their works,\" he briefly added what the judgment was:\r\n\"Death and hell were cast into the lake of fire;\" by these\r\nnames designating the devil and the whole company of his\r\nangels, for he is the author of death and the pains of hell.\r\nFor this is what he had already, by anticipation, said in clearer\r\nlanguage: \"The devil who seduced them was cast into a lake\r\nof fire and brimstone.\" The obscure addition he had made\r\nin the words, \"in which were also the beast and the false\r\nprophet,\" he here explains, \"They who were not found written\r\nin the book of life were cast into the lake of fire.\" This book\r\nis not for reminding God, as if things might escape Him by\r\nforgetfulness, but it symbolizes His predestination of those to\r\nwhom eternal life shall be given. For it is not that God is\r\nignorant, and reads in the book to inform Himself, but rather\r\nHis infallible prescience is the book of life in which they are\r\nwritten, that is to say, known beforehand.</p>","headings":["THE CITY OF GOD.","BOOK TWENTIETH.","ARGUMENT."],"marker_anchor":null,"paragraph_id":"pg45305-paragraph-600"}],"canonical_references":[],"date_end":null,"date_start":null,"deduplication_fingerprint":"4febaf18048e8a11c3b2abbc94b34c02ccce57cf27a765f1029cfcb385fe3297","edition_title":"The City of God, Volume II","edition_translators":["Marcus Dods","George Wilson (Books XVII-XVIII)"],"edition_year":1871,"explicit_reference_candidates":[{"book":"COL","chapter":3,"kind":"unreviewed","source_notation":"Col. iii. 3","verse":3,"verse_end":3}],"headings":[],"id":"pg45305-Footnote_743_743","license_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html","public_import_allowed":false,"record_kind":"original-editor-translator-note","review_required":["work and recension attribution","original-work chronology","Bible reference numbering and citation kind","English edition rights and attribution"],"review_status":"needs_review","rights_evidence":"Provider catalog reports public domain in the USA. Original transcription title leaves state T. & T. Clark, Edinburgh, 1871; printed translator allocation retained. Gutenberg credits Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries without an exact scan identifier. Full provider license preserved with acquired original; republication and per-work metadata remain unreviewed.","source_anchor":"Footnote_743_743","source_ebook":45305,"source_html":"<div class=\"footnote\">\n<p><a id=\"Footnote_743_743\"></a><a class=\"pginternal\" href=\"#FNanchor_743_743\"><span class=\"label\">[743]</span></a> Col. iii. 3.</p></div>","source_sha256":"7e0ced9e70512f3cf050b53c9d548e36b70d468d875153869f95d8aff5bbb530","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/45305/pg45305-images.html#Footnote_743_743","text_sha256":"a9096eae28c4d2d8536a4bb4dfc9031b4f9789f603644aa08a1c1425fe37288a","verified":false,"work_id":null}