Verse 1 Cesar Augustus; the Roman emperor. Cesar was the family name and Augustus an honorary appellation, meaning august or illustrious. These names were applied, in succession, to a long line of monarchs. The first was Julius Cesar, the great competitor of Pompey. The one here spoken of was Octavianus Cesar. The one in power when Paul appealed unto Cesar, was Nero. The Claudius, who commanded all Jews to depart out of Rome, (Acts 18:2,) was a Cesar.--All the world; probably the whole country of the Jews.