5. πάντεςγὰρὑμεῖςκτλ.] a restatement of what has just been said from the positive side, but extended to embrace all, and deepened by the relation now predicated of the Thessalonians. They are not only ‘ in’ light, but are ‘ sons of light,’ sharing in the being and nature of light, and also ‘ sons of day,’ ἡμέρας being used apparently not so much generally of the enlightened sphere in which light rules, as with special reference to the ‘ day’ of Christ’ s appearing already spoken of, in which the Thessalonians in virtue of their Christian standing will have part. On the connexion of light with the day of the Lord in O.T. prophecy see such passages as Hosea 6:5 τὸκρίμαμουὡςφῶςἐξελεύσεται, Micah 7:8 f. ἐὰνκαθίσωἐντῷσκότει, Κύριοςφωτιεῖμοι ... καὶἐξάξειςμεεἰςτὸφῶς, and cf. Enoch 38:4 (with Charles’ s note), 108:11 f. For the ‘ New Testament’ idiom underlying ὑ. φωτ. and υἱ. ἡμ. cf. Luke 16:8, Ephesians 5:8 and see Deissmann BS. p. 161 ff., and for the chiasmus—σκότους corresponding to φωτός, and νυκτός to ἡμέρας— see Kühner3 § 607, 3. Lft. cites by way of illustration Eur. Iph. in Taur. 1025– 6 ΙΦ. ὡςδὴσκότοςλαβόντεςἐκσωθεῖμενἄν; OP. κλεπτῶνγὰρἡνύξ, τῆςδʼ ἀληθείαςτὸφῶς, but the passage is wanting in the best mss., and is probably a Christian interpolation. 5b– 11. ‘ Surely then, as those who have nothing to do with the darkness, we (for this applies to you and to us alike) ought not to sleep, but to exercise continual watchfulness and self-control. Night is the general time for sleep and drunkenness. But those who belong to the day must control themselves, and put on the full panoply of heaven. That will not only protect them against sudden attack, but give them the assurance of final and complete salvation. Salvation (we say), for this is God’ s purpose for us, and He has opened up for us the way to secure it through our Lord Jesus Christ. His death on our behalf is the constant pledge that, living or dying, we shall live together with Him. Wherefore comfort and edify one another, as indeed we know that you are already doing.’ 5b. Οὐκἐσμέννυκτόςκτλ.] For the substitution of the 1st for the 2nd pers. see Intr. p. 44 n.2, and for the gen. with ἐσμέν pointing to the sphere to which the subjects belong see WM. p. 244.