us. In the man whom He took upon Himself, He demonstrated those things that you spoke
of. But we now ask concerning the substance of God Himself and of Unspeakable Majesty,
whether anything can injure it or not. For if anything can injure it, He is not inviolable. If
nothing can injure the substance of God, what was the race of darkness about to do to it,
against which you say war was waged by God before the foundation of the world; in which
war you assert that we, that is souls that are now manifestly in need of a liberator, have been
commingled with every evil and implicated in death. For I return to that very brief statement:
If He could be injured, He is not inviolable; if He could not, He acted cruelly in sending us
hither to suffer these things.
Fortunatus said: Does the soul belong to God, or not?
10. Augustin said: If it is just that you should fail to respond to my questions, and that
I should be questioned, I will reply.
Fortunatus said: Does the soul act independently? This I ask of you.
11. Augustin said: I indeed will tell what you have asked; only remember this, that
while you have refused to respond to my questions, I have responded to yours. If you ask
whether the soul descended from God, it is indeed a great question; but whether it descends
from God or not, I make this reply concerning the soul, that it is not God; that God is one
thing, the soul another. That God is inviolable, incorruptible, and impenetrable, and incon-
taminable, who also could be corrupted in no part and to whom no injury can be done in
any part. But we see also that the soul is sinful, and is conversant with misery, and seeks
the truth, and is in want of a liberator. This changing condition of the soul shows me that
the soul is not God. For if the soul is the substance of God, the substance of God errs, the
substance of God is corrupted, the substance of God is violated, the substance of God is
deceived; which it is impious to say.
Fortunatus said: Therefore you have denied that the soul is of God, so long as it serves
sins, and vices, and earthly things, and is led by error, because it cannot happen that either
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God or His substance should suffer this thing. For God is incorruptible and His substance
immaculate and holy. But here it is inquired of you whether the soul is of God, or not?
Which we confess, and show from the advent of the Saviour, from His holy preaching, from
His election; while He pitied souls, and the soul is said to have come according to His will,
that He might free it from death and might bring it to eternal glory, and restore it to the
Father. But what do you say and hope concerning the soul; is it from God or not? Can the
substance of God, from which you deny that the soul has its being, be subject to no passions?
12. Augustin said: I have denied that the soul is the substance of God in the sense of
its being God; but yet I hold that it is from God as its author, because it was made by God.
The Maker is one thing, the thing made is another. He who made cannot be corruptible at
all, but what He made cannot be at all equal to Him who made it.
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Disputation of the First Day.