1 There is an evil that I have seen under the sun, and it [is] great upon mankind:10 That which has come to be, already its name has been called; and it is known that he [is] man, and he is not able to contend with one stronger than he.11 For there are many words, multiplying vapor—what advantage [is] for man?12 For who knows what [is] good for man in life all the days of the life of his vapor, and he makes them like a shadow? For who can declare to man what will come to be after him under the sun?2 A man [for] whom God has given to him riches and wealth and honor, and he has no lack for his soul from all that; he desires and God does not give him power to eat from it; instead a foreign man eats it. This [is] vapor, and it [is] a sickening evil.3 If a man begets a hundred and lives many years, and many are the days of his years, and his soul is not satisfied from this goodness, and also not is unto him a grave, I say that a stillborn child is better off than he.4 For in vapor he comes, and in darkness he goes, and in darkness his name is covered.5 Even he has not seen the sun and has not known it, more rest [is] unto this one than this one.6 And though he might live a thousand years twice over, and has not seen goodness, are not all are going to one place?7 All the toil of man [is] for his mouth, yet the soul is not filled.8 Indeed, what advantage [is] for the wise one over the fool? What [is] to the poor one knowing how to walk before the living?9 Better is a sight of the eyes than the wandering of the soul; this also [is] vapor and a striving after the wind.